What effect do CNS depressants generally have on the body?

CNS depressants primarily function by slowing down the central nervous system’s activity, which leads to sedative effects. This calming influence is reflected in their ability to induce relaxation and sleep, making them useful in medical settings for treating anxiety, insomnia, and certain seizure disorders. When consumed, these substances often lead to a decrease in heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate, further contributing to a sense of relaxation and drowsiness.

The other effects listed, such as increasing metabolism, heightening awareness, or boosting physical energy, are characteristic of stimulants, not depressants. Stimulants energize the body and mind, enhancing alertness and metabolic rates, while CNS depressants achieve the opposite by producing relaxation and sedation. Understanding this fundamental distinction is crucial for recognizing the effects and potential risks associated with different classes of substances.